Southeastern Brazil: Best of the Atlantic Forest
Dates: October 20 - November 6, 2025
Leaders: Brian Gibbons, Local Leader
E-bird
Total Species: 386 birds
Click Here to view list.
Overall Summary
After two weeks of birding Southeastern Brazil, we tallied nearly 400 species. A stunning 140 were endemic to the Atlantic forests of Brazil and adjacent Argentina and Paraguay. While we were thoroughly chilled in Intervales at the Pica Pau House, a fire on the second night certainly chased the cold away for a few hours. In Ubatuba the much-threatened rain largely held off, though we did have a couple of quiet mornings for bird activity at both locations. Finally, at Itatiaia National Park the weather mostly worked out for us, save one frigid rainy day up at elevation along the Agulhas Negras road forcing us to return on a much nicer day that proved quite successful—cleaning up several of our missing birds. While we dodged traffic leaving Sao Paulo and entering Rio, our travels were largely smooth, thanks to Carlos.
Starting in Intervales State Park with the charming brothers Gerson and Betinho as our guides, we stopped by the restaurant on our first afternoon. The feeders made it hard to pull ourselves away, but we needed to settle into the Pica Pau House, where we would stay for the next six nights. Nestled at the edge of the woods, the lodge provided a wonderful base for our explorations of Intervales. So many common birds around the edges and second growth kept us busy our first morning. A highlight was a beautiful male Blond-crested Woodpecker that was working over a small snag and the ants that were living inside. Through the course of our stay, the Pileated Parrots that fed on the fruit tree just off the back porch of the lodge were a daily challenge to find, camouflaged amongst the green leaves of the tree. The big marsh's resident Red-and-white Crakes made us return time and again before finally revealing themselves to us. But each visit produced many other sightings, so we never left empty-handed, even when the crakes didn’t show. Fork-tailed Flycatchers, thornbirds, tyrannulets, and most memorably the Robust Woodpeckers all put in appearances for us in the marsh or around the edges. A couple of treks up the Carmo Road were very productive, allowing us to observe Giant, Tufted, Spot-backed, and White-bearded antshrikes on our visits. At one point we were listening to Giant and Tufted antshrikes when a Black-fronted Piping-Guan clumsily flew overhead; we didn’t know where to look! After those great sightings, we encountered one of the rarest birds of the Atlantic forest. Hearing tapping in the forest, I glimpsed a red crest as a large woodpecker hammered away. When it lifted its head enough for me to see, I knew what it was, but I wanted Rapha to confirm. Rapha, Rapha! RAPHA! I urged him to check out the woodpecker, and he confirmed. We were looking at a female Helmeted Woodpecker, our prize among prizes, not just for the day but for the entire trip. Antbirds and flycatchers filled our lists from our outings on Carmo Road. The endemic Cinnamon-vented Piha that Gerson and Betinho located was a great find. The Rusty-breasted Nunlet was another great but brief encounter up there.
An afternoon drive to the Purple-crowned Plovercrest lek was filled with many great sightings. The Bare-throated Bellbird bonking away was certainly a fantastic observation, and the Hooded Berryeaters were vocal but a little more demure about showing themselves this day. As soon as we were out of the car Rapha heard the Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin, but that would have to wait, as Betinho was chasing down the calling Plovercrest, so named for the single spike feather jutting off the top of its head like a Northern Lapwing crest from Eurasia. After we got scope views of the stunning little hummingbird, we were free to chase the Tyrant-Manakin, which was more of a challenge. Eventually we all saw the olive-green endemic. Finally, after a few days in Intervales the weather was warming and the birds were singing. Rapha’s bionic ear was superb at picking out the faintest chips or squeaks and luring in said bird moments later. Pygmy-Tyrants, Tyrannulets, Tody-Flycatchers, and Elaenias were all discovered in this manner.
The entrance road provided a great afternoon of birding. Orange-breasted Thornbirds came out to the edge of the cattails allowing glimpses while the Blackish Rail called in the background. Gray-throated Warbling Finch and Orange-headed Tanagers were seen at another stop, the only time we encountered these open country birds. The White-eared Puffbirds were a little shy and moved off the road at our approach, but we had good scope views. We also had our single sighting Araucaria Tit-Spinetail in a little grove of the unique Araucaria trees. As the evening progressed, we made our way back to the spot. Along the dirt road was a special place to try to see the Long-trained Nightjar. As we were waiting for it to get dark enough to rouse the nightjar, Gerson and Betinho conjured up a Pavonine Cuckoo that we saw with the aid of the scope and a flashlight. Soon it was dark enough to hear nightbirds. Several Common Potoos screeched in the distance; Short-tailed Nighthawks gave their short, whistled call; and a female Long-trained Nightjar made a couple of brief flyovers. We gave up on the male and headed back to the restaurant for dinner but not before a Rusty-barred Owl couple made an appearance. The following night, the male Long-trained made several flyovers but never sat long enough for perched views. It’s worth mentioning that all our meals were enjoyed at the tiny restaurant just outside of the park. The feeders entertained us each day after breakfast and lunch, and at times we had to pry ourselves away from the action to chase birds of the forest. Ruby-crowned, Olive-green, Chestnut-backed, Burnished-buff, Golden-chevroned, and Green-headed are just some of the colorfully named tanagers we enjoyed there. Our final morning in Intervales was rainy, but we managed a great sighting of Rufous-capped Motmot and Atlantic Black-throated Trogon before the long drive to Ubatuba.
Our primary sites out of Ubatuba were Fazenda Angelim and Condominio Verde in the wet lowland forests surrounding Ubatuba. Both sites were rather slow during our visits, but we added many widespread lowland species that were new for us. For many of us the highlights were Folha Seca and Ninho Cabacica feeding stations. While Folha Seca buzzed with ten species of hummers, Ninho was full of hummers and tanagers and seedeaters. Frilled and Festive coquettes were a couple of the more stunning, if tiny hummingbirds. The lineup of 100 Double-collared Seedeaters was a sight to behold at Ninho, along with the Violaceous and Chestnut-bellied euphonias. After an excellent lunch we continued our birding down the road. Rapha produced a Buff-throated Purpletuft moments after we exited the car to everyone’s delight, and the bird even came down for a closer look—a rarity for this tiny endemic canopy inhabitant.
Our evening arrival to Paraty allowed for a few minutes of birding down by the mangrove-filled waterfront of this charming colonial town. We found Bicolored Conebill and heard the Gray-cowled Wood-Rail easily in the failing light. Outside of Paraty we birded along the roadside and found our hoped-for Black-hooded Antwren along with several new birds. We had our best looks at the open country Toco Toucan and our only looks—after hearing them for days—at the Lemon-chested Greenlet. Dark-billed Cuckoo, Chestnut-backed Antshrike, and Rufous-tailed Jacamar put in appearances, too. A King Vulture was a majestic sight as it spread its wings and preened as we walked past.
Our five nights at Ype Hotel, right in Itatiaia National Park, would be very productive. We eventually made two trips up to Agulhas Negras Road for the high elevation species after our first trip was too wet and cold to produce all the birds we wanted to see. The return trip, despite threatening thunder, was much better for birds and weather up at 8,000 feet. Starting birding was easy; at about 5:10 am the Great Kiskadees and White-eyed Parakeets made so much racket that one was forced to get up to discover what else was around—the answer: quite a bit! The hummingbird feeders were alive with Brazilian Rubys, Black Jacobins, Violet-capped Woodnymphs, and striking White-throated Hummingbirds. Strolling around the grounds were dozens of Dusky-legged Guans raiding the fruit trees of any fruit that was close to being ripe. Maroon-bellied Parakeets joined the raucous White-eyeds in making the early morning chorus, such that it was. Swallow and Magpie tanagers moved throughout the gardens along with the tiny Cobalt-rumped Parrotlets while the Blue-winged Macaw, the largest southeast Brazil parrot, squawked overhead.
One evening we ventured out from Hotel Ype at Itatiaia National Park. The sky was threatening as it got dark enough for our target. Then, as the lightning bugs started flying, so did real fireworks. Winds swirled and lightning was arcing through the sky. I thought we might need to delay this outing, but we were there and the rain was holding off. A few hoots we hoped would summon the Tawny-browed Owl from the forest with massive trees surrounding us—another Atlantic forest endemic we wanted to lay eyes on. After several minutes of silence save distant rumbling of the sky, we waited. So, Rapha tried a few calls of a small owl, and within seconds a huge form appeared on a branch nearly overhead. It was the beautiful and huge Tawny-browed Owl.
The frigid and wet day up on Agulhas Negras allowed us to find the endemic toad easily; the thimble-sized gray toad has a riot of color on its belly, a fiery red and black pattern. Due to the rain they were easy to come by. What wasn’t easy to come by were the target birds in the rain, fog, and wind. While we enjoyed some great birds lower down like the exceptional Black-and-gold Cotinga, Black-capped Piprites, Serra do Mar Bristle-Tyrant, and Rufous-tailed Antbird, we would have to return. Fortunately, as we descended we left the rain behind, and we returned to the roadside marsh where we had relished our sighting of the Curl-crested Jays earlier in the day. Yellow-rumped Marshbirds, Narrow-billed Woodcreeper, Grassland Sparrow, and an exceptional trio of Streamer-tailed Tyrants all entertained us as the cloudy gray sky turned to night. Before it was dark our target flew overhead; the Giant Snipe was here and was displaying. We heard it several times and saw it in the spotlight a few times as it flew over the marsh displaying.
Our second day in the higher elevations found us targeting Rufous-backed Antvireo, which we encountered at our first stop when one popped up right in front of us, giving exceptional views. Another target was the endemic Green-crowned Plovercrest; we got a female, but that doesn’t quite cut it when you’re talking gorgeous endemic hummingbirds. We searched on and enjoyed Rufous-tailed Antbirds and Diademed Tanagers again. Near a beautiful tree fern a male Plovercrest perched right in front of us, but just for a split second before his rival chased him off and they both disappeared, never to be seen by us again. Relishing the delightful weather we drove higher and higher, eventually returning to the picnic site where we had a frigid picnic a couple of days earlier. Partly cloudy skies and mild temps made for a more enjoyable picnic this day. After lunch, a cooperative pair of Great Pampa-Finches sat up for scope views. We also had a very cooperative pair of Rufous-capped Antshrikes appear for us after struggling in the chill a few days earlier. Another bird that we got much better views of during Agulhas Negras 2.0 was the handsome Bay-chested Warbling Finch. The views in the highlands were spectacular this day, with blue sky and clouds overhead and clouds playing in the mountains around us and valleys below. With a long drive ahead of us, we had to pull ourselves away without a satisfying view of the male Plovercrest. As we walked back to the van, a small dark weasel meandered across the road a couple of times. This beautiful animal was a Grison, a rarely seen prize! Well, Rapha was determined to fix the missing plovercrest. Hanging his head out the window as we drove down, he heard one! We got out, and to our amazement the bird returned to roadside flowers a couple of times giving us great looks at a stunning male. Carol’s Birthday bird! So now we were cleared for a happy return to Hotel Ype and a much-deserved meal, birthday celebration, and rest.
Ype had too many highlights to mention them all, but certainly the Swallow-tailed Cotinga pair that made a couple of early morning appearances would be near the top. Down the road the overlook entertained us one afternoon when a quick stop turned into an hourlong buffet of wonderful sightings. Yellow-eared Woodpecker was the rarest sighting, but the tanagers added lots of color. Swallow Tanagers at arm's length, and Gilt-edged, Burnished-buff, and Golden-chevroned tanagers filled our eyes with joy! A few whizzing bits of green and white turned out to be our only sighting of the Black-eared Fairy, a dazzling hummer that didn’t stay long enough.
Our final morning found us in the marshes on the way to Rio. While it was hot and sunny we added a few new species like Chestnut-capped Blackbird, White-headed Marsh-Tyrant, Copper Seedeater, and Rufous-fronted Thornbird. We then retired to our final Churrascaria for a great meal and some well-earned cold drinks. Thanks for traveling with Rapha and me on our fabulous Atlantic Forest tour. I hope to see you on another VENT trip soon, wherever in the world that might be.
Day-by-Day Summary
21 October - Sao Paulo to Intervales State Park
22 October - Intervales State Park Main entrance
23 October - Intervales State Park Carmo road morning afternoon out main entrance road to open country night at LTNI spot
24 October - Intervales State Park trail out Pica Pau house to Royal Fly spot Mirante trail
25 October - Intervales State Park Carmo Road, lunch, Monte Rosa afternoon to late evening calling at dusk
26 October - Intervales State Park Lajeado Trail
27 October - Intervales State Park Baja Grande transfer to Ubatuba
28 October - Fazenda Angelim, Folha Seca Jonas
29 October - Comdominio Verde, Caraguatatuba and lunch and beach check
30 October - Ubatuba beach areas for Chachalca, Ninho Cabacica
31 October - Paraty, Mambucaba, Chapeau de Sol, Itatiaia National Park
1 November - Itatiaia National Park Trilha dos Tres morning lunch End of the road waterfall
2 November - Itatiaia National Park Agulhas Negras
3 November - Itatiaia National Park entrance road near Hotel Ype, Lookout, Itatiaia Marshes
4 November - Itatiaia National Park, Kodak Marshes, lunch, Rio de Janeiro airport
Wildlife Seen:
Tinamous
Tinamidae
Solitary Tinamou -Tinamus solitarius
Brown Tinamou - Crypturellus obsoletus
Ducks, Geese & Waterfowl
Anatidae
Muscovy Duck - Cairina moschata
Brazilian Teal - Amazonetta brasiliensis
Guans, Chachalacas & Curassows Cracidae
Scaled Chachalaca - Ortalis squamata
Dusky-legged Guan - Penelope obscura
Black-fronted Piping-Guan - Pipile jacutinga
New World Quail
Odontophoridae
Spot-winged Wood-Quail - Odontophorus capueira
Pigeons & Doves
Columbidae
Rock Pigeon (I) - Columba livia
Pale-vented Pigeon - Patagioenas cayennensis
Picazuro Pigeon - Patagioenas picazuro
Plumbeous Pigeon - Patagioenas plumbea
Ruddy Ground Dove - Columbina talpacoti
Ruddy Quail-Dove - Geotrygon montana
White-tipped Dove - Leptotila verreauxi
Gray-fronted Dove - Leptotila rufaxilla
Eared Dove - Zenaida auriculata
Cuckoos
Cuculidae
Guira Cuckoo - Guira guira
Smooth-billed Ani - Crotophaga ani
Striped Cuckoo - Tapera naevia
Pavonine Cuckoo - Dromococcyx pavoninus
Squirrel Cuckoo - Piaya cayana
Dark-billed Cuckoo - Coccyzus melacoryphus
Nightjars & Allies
Caprimulgidae
Short-tailed Nighthawk - Lurocalis semitorquatus
Common Pauraque - Nyctidromus albicollis
Long-trained Nightjar - Macropsalis forcipata
Potoos
Nyctibiidae
Common Potoo - Nyctibius griseus
Swifts
Apodidae
White-collared Swift - Streptoprocne zonaris
Gray-rumped Swift - Chaetura cinereiventris
Sick's Swift - Chaetura meridionalis
Hummingbirds
Trochilidae
Black Jacobin - Florisuga fusca
Saw-billed Hermit (E) - Ramphodon naevius
Dusky-throated Hermit (E) - Phaethornis squalidus
Reddish Hermit - Phaethornis ruber
Scale-throated Hermit - Phaethornis eurynome
Black-eared Fairy - Heliothryx auritus
Black-throated Mango - Anthracothorax nigricollis
Frilled Coquette (E) - Lophornis magnificus
Festive Coquette - Lophornis chalybeus
Brazilian Ruby (E) - Heliodoxa rubricauda
Stripe-breasted Starthroat (E) - Heliomaster squamosus
Amethyst Woodstar - Calliphlox amethystina
Glittering-bellied Emerald - Chlorostilbon lucidus
Green-crowned Plovercrest (E) - Stephanoxis lalandi
Purple-crowned Plovercrest - Stephanoxis loddigesii
Violet-capped Woodnymph - Thalurania glaucopis
Swallow-tailed Hummingbird - Eupetomena macroura
Sombre Hummingbird (E) - Eupetomena cirrochloris
Versicolored Emerald - Chrysuronia versicolor
White-throated Hummingbird - Leucochloris albicollis
Glittering-throated Emerald - Chionomesa fimbriata
Sapphire-spangled Emerald - Chionomesa lactea
White-chinned Sapphire - Chlorestes cyanus
Rails, Gallinules & Coots
Rallidae
Blackish Rail - Pardirallus nigricans
Ash-throated Crake - Mustelirallus albicollis
Gray-cowled Wood-Rail - Aramides cajaneus
Slaty-breasted Wood-Rail - Aramides saracura
Common Gallinule - Gallinula galeata
Red-and-white Crake - Rufirallus leucopyrrhus
Rufous-sided Crake - Laterallus melanophaius
Limpkin
Aramidae
Limpkin - Aramus guarauna
Plovers & Lapwings
Charadriidae
Semipalmated Plover - Charadrius semipalmatus
Southern Lapwing - Vanellus chilensis
Jacanas
Jacanidae
Wattled Jacana - Jacana jacana
Sandpipers & Allies
Scolopacidae
Giant Snipe - Gallinago undulata
Pantanal Snipe - Gallinago paraguaiae
Spotted Sandpiper - Actitis macularius
Gulls, Terns & Skimmers
Laridae
Kelp Gull - Larus dominicanus
Sandwich Tern - Thalasseus sandvicensis
Black Skimmer - Rynchops niger
Frigatebirds
Fregatidae
Magnificent Frigatebird - Fregata magnificens
Boobies & Gannets
Sulidae
Brown Booby - Sula leucogaster
Cormorants & Shags
Phalacrocoracidae
Neotropic Cormorant - Nannopterum brasilianum
Ibises & Spoonbills
Threskiornithidae
Green Ibis - Mesembrinibis cayennensis
Buff-necked Ibis - Theristicus caudatus
Roseate Spoonbill - Platalea ajaja
Herons, Egrets & Bitterns
Ardeidae
Black-crowned Night Heron - Nycticorax nycticorax
Whistling Heron - Syrigma sibilatrix
Little Blue Heron - Egretta caerulea
Snowy Egret - Egretta thula
Striated Heron - Butorides striata
Western Cattle Egret - Bubulcus ibis
Great Egret - Ardea alba
Cocoi Heron - Ardea cocoi
New World Vultures
Cathartidae
King Vulture - Sarcoramphus papa
Black Vulture - Coragyps atratus
Turkey Vulture - Cathartes aura
Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture - Cathartes burrovianus
Hawks, Eagles & Kites
Accipitridae
Gray-headed Kite - Leptodon cayanensis
Swallow-tailed Kite - Elanoides forficatus
Black Hawk-Eagle - Spizaetus tyrannus
Black-and-white Hawk-Eagle - Spizaetus melanoleucus
Tiny Hawk - Microspizias superciliosus
Rufous-thighed Kite - Harpagus diodon
Plumbeous Kite - Ictinia plumbea
Snail Kite - Rostrhamus sociabilis
Savanna Hawk - Buteogallus meridionalis
White-necked Hawk (E) - Buteogallus lacernulatus
Roadside Hawk - Rupornis magnirostris
White-tailed Hawk - Geranoaetus albicaudatus
Owls
Strigidae
Tropical Screech-Owl - Megascops choliba
Long-tufted Screech-Owl - Megascops sanctaecatarinae
Tawny-browed Owl - Pulsatrix koeniswaldiana
Burrowing Owl - Athene cunicularia
Rusty-barred Owl - Strix hylophila
Stygian Owl - Asio stygius
Trogons
Trogonidae
Green-backed Trogon - Trogon viridis
Surucua Trogon - Trogon surrucura
Atlantic Black-throated Trogon - Trogon chrysochloros
Motmots
Momotidae
Rufous-capped Motmot - Baryphthengus ruficapillus
Kingfishers
Alcedinidae
Ringed Kingfisher - Megaceryle torquata
Amazon Kingfisher - Chloroceryle amazona
Puffbirds
Bucconidae
White-eared Puffbird - Nystalus chacuru
Crescent-chested Puffbird (E) - Malacoptila striata
Rusty-breasted Nunlet - Nonnula rubecula
Jacamars
Galbulidae
Rufous-tailed Jacamar - Galbula ruficauda
Toucans
Ramphastidae
Saffron Toucanet - Pteroglossus bailloni
Spot-billed Toucanet - Selenidera maculirostris
Toco Toucan - Ramphastos toco
Channel-billed Toucan - Ramphastos vitellinus
Red-breasted Toucan - Ramphastos dicolorus
Woodpeckers
Picidae
White-barred Piculet - Picumnus cirratus
Ochre-collared Piculet - Picumnus temminckii
Yellow-fronted Woodpecker - Melanerpes flavifrons
White-spotted Woodpecker - Dryobates spilogaster
Yellow-eared Woodpecker (E) - Dryobates maculifrons
Robust Woodpecker - Campephilus robustus
Helmeted Woodpecker - Celeus galeatus
Blond-crested Woodpecker - Celeus flavescens
White-browed Woodpecker - Piculus aurulentus
Green-barred Woodpecker - Colaptes melanochloros
Campo Flicker - Colaptes campestris
(Field)
C. campestris campestroides
Falcons & Caracaras
Falconidae
Laughing Falcon - Herpetotheres cachinnans
Crested Caracara - Caracara plancus
Yellow-headed Caracara - Daptrius chimachima
American Kestrel - Falco sparverius
Aplomado Falcon - Falco femoralis
New World & African Parrots
Psittacidae
Plain Parakeet (E) - Brotogeris tirica
Pileated Parrot - Pionopsitta pileata
(Red-capped Parrot)
Blue-bellied Parrot - Triclaria malachitacea
Scaly-headed Parrot - Pionus maximiliani
Cobalt-rumped Parrotlet - Forpus xanthopterygius
Maroon-bellied Parakeet - Pyrrhura frontalis
Blue-winged Macaw - Primolius maracana
White-eyed Parakeet - Psittacara leucophthalma
Typical Antbirds
Thamnophilidae
Spot-backed Antshrike - Hypoedaleus guttatus
Giant Antshrike - Batara cinerea
Large-tailed Antshrike - Mackenziaena leachii
Tufted Antshrike - Mackenziaena severa
White-bearded Antshrike - Biatas nigropectus
Rufous-capped Antshrike - Thamnophilus ruficapillus
Chestnut-backed Antshrike - Thamnophilus palliatus
Variable Antshrike - Thamnophilus caerulescens
Star-throated Antwren (E) - Rhopias gularis
Spot-breasted Antvireo - Dysithamnus stictothorax
Plain Antvireo - Dysithamnus mentalis
Rufous-backed Antvireo (E) - Dysithamnus xanthopterus
Unicolored Antwren (E) - Myrmotherula unicolor
Rufous-margined Antwren - Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus
Black-hooded Antwren (E) - Formicivora erythronotos
Ferruginous Antbird (E) - Drymophila ferruginea
Bertoni's Antbird - Drymophila rubricollis
Rufous-tailed Antbird (E) - Drymophila genei
Ochre-rumped Antbird (E) - Drymophila ochropyga
Dusky-tailed Antbird - Drymophila malura
Scaled Antbird (E) - Drymophila squamata
Streak-capped Antwren - Terenura maculata
White-shouldered Fire-eye - Pyriglena leucoptera
White-bibbed Antbird (E) - Myrmoderus loricata
Squamate Antbird (E) - Myrmoderus squamosa
Gnateaters
Conopophagidae
Black-cheeked Gnateater (E) - Conopophaga melanops
Rufous Gnateater - Conopophaga lineata
Antpittas
Grallariidae
Variegated Antpitta - Grallaria varia
Tapaculos
Rhinocryptidae
Slaty Bristlefront (E) - Merulaxis ater
("Southern" Slaty Bristlefront) (E) - Merulaxis sp. novum
White-breasted Tapaculo (E) - Eleoscytalopus indigoticus
Mouse-colored Tapaculo - Scytalopus speluncae
Antthrushes
Formicariidae
Rufous-capped Antthrush - Formicarius colma
Short-tailed Antthrush - Chamaeza campanisona
Such's (Cryptic) Antthrush (E) - Chamaeza meruloides
Ovenbirds & Woodcreepers
Furnariidae
Rufous-breasted Leaftosser - Sclerurus scansor
Olivaceous Woodcreeper - Sittasomus griseicapillus
Plain-winged Woodcreeper - Dendrocincla turdina
(Thrush-like Woodcreeper)
Planalto Woodcreeper - Dendrocolaptes platyrostris
White-throated Woodcreeper - Xiphocolaptes albicollis
Lesser Woodcreeper - Xiphorhynchus fuscus
Black-billed Scythebill - Campylorhamphus falcularius
Scaled Woodcreeper (E) - Lepidocolaptes squamatus
Narrow-billed Woodcreeper - Lepidocolaptes angustirostris
Streaked Xenops - Xenops rutilans
Wing-banded Hornero (E) - Furnarius figulus
Rufous Hornero - Furnarius rufus
Sharp-tailed Streamcreeper - Lochmias nematura
White-collared Foliage-gleaner (E) - Anabazenops fuscus
Pale-browed Treehunter (E) - Cichlocolaptes leucophrus
Sharp-billed Treehunter - Heliobletus contaminatus
Black-capped Foliage-gleaner - Philydor atricapillus
White-browed Foliage-gleaner - Anabacerthia amaurotis
Ochre-breasted Foliage-gleaner - Anabacerthia lichtensteini
Buff-browed Foliage-gleaner - Syndactyla rufosuperciliata
Buff-fronted Foliage-gleaner - Dendroma rufa
White-eyed Foliage-gleaner - Automolus leucophthalmus
Araucaria Tit-Spinetail - Leptasthenura setaria
Rufous-fronted Thornbird - Phacellodomus rufifrons
Orange-eyed Thornbird (E) - Phacellodomus erythrophthalmus
Orange-breasted Thornbird (E) - Phacellodomus ferrugineigula
Itatiaia Spinetail (E) - Asthenes moreirae
Pallid Spinetail (E) - Cranioleuca pallida
Yellow-chinned Spinetail - Certhiaxis cinnamomeus
Gray-bellied Spinetail - Synallaxis cinerascens
Rufous-capped Spinetail - Synallaxis ruficapilla
Spix's (Chicli) Spinetail (E) - Synallaxis spixi
Manakins
Pipridae
Serra do Mar Tyrant-Manakin (E) - Neopelma chrysolophum
(Serra Tyrant-Manakin)
Swallow-tailed (Blue) Manakin - Chiroxiphia caudata
Pin-tailed Manakin (E) - Ilicura militaris
White-bearded Manakin - Manacus manacus
Cotingas
Cotingidae
Hooded Berryeater (E) - Carpornis cucullata
Swallow-tailed Cotinga - Phibalura flavirostris
Red-ruffed Fruitcrow - Pyroderus scutatus
Cinnamon-vented Piha (E) - Lipaugus lanioides
Black-and-gold Cotinga (E) - Lipaugus ater
Bare-throated Bellbird - Procnias nudicollis
Tityras & Allies
Tityridae
Black-tailed Tityra - Tityra cayana
Greenish Schiffornis - Schiffornis virescens
Buff-throated Purpletuft (E) - Iodopleura pipra
Chestnut-crowned Becard - Pachyramphus castaneus
White-winged Becard - Pachyramphus polychopterus
Black-capped Becard - Pachyramphus marginatus
Crested Becard - Pachyramphus validus
Sharpbill
Oxyruncidae
Sharpbill - Oxyruncus cristatus
Royal Flycatchers & Allies
Onychorhynchidae
Atlantic Royal Flycatcher - Onychorhynchus swainsonii
Tyrant Flycatchers
Tyrannidae
Wing-barred Piprites - Piprites chloris
Black-capped Piprites - Piprites pileata
White-throated Spadebill - Platyrinchus mystaceus
Gray-hooded Flycatcher - Mionectes rufiventris
Sepia-capped Flycatcher - Leptopogon amaurocephalus
Serra do Mar Bristle-Tyrant (E) - Pogonotriccus difficilis
São Paulo Bristle-Tyrant - Pogonotriccus paulista
Oustalet's Tyrannulet (E) - Phylloscartes oustaleti
Mottle-cheeked Tyrannulet - Phylloscartes ventralis
Bay-ringed Tyrannulet - Phylloscartes sylviolus
Southern Antpipit - Corythopis delalandi
Eared Pygmy-Tyrant - Myiornis auricularis
Drab-breasted Pygmy-Tyrant - Hemitriccus diops
Hangnest Tody-Tyrant (E) - Hemitriccus nidipendulus
Fork-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant (E) - Hemitriccus furcatus
Ochre-faced Tody-Flycatcher - Poecilotriccus plumbeiceps
Gray-headed Tody-Flycatcher (E) - Todirostrum poliocephalum
(Yellow-lored Tody-Flycatcher)
Common Tody-Flycatcher - Todirostrum cinereum
Yellow-olive Flatbill - Tolmomyias sulphurescens
Cliff Flycatcher - Hirundinea ferruginea
Southern Beardless-Tyrannulet - Camptostoma obsoletum
Gray-backed Tachuri (E) - Polystictus superciliaris
Yellow-bellied Elaenia - Elaenia flavogaster
Small-billed Elaenia - Elaenia parvirostris
Olivaceous Elaenia - Elaenia mesoleuca
Small headed Elania - Elaenia sordida
Sooty Tyrannulet - Serpophaga nigricans
White-crested Tyrannulet - Serpophaga subcristata
Greenish Tyrannulet - Phyllomyias virescens
Planalto Tyrannulet - Phyllomyias fasciatus
Gray-capped Tyrannulet (E) - Phyllomyias griseocapilla
Rough-legged Tyrannulet - Acrochordopus burmeisteri
Bran-colored Flycatcher - Myiophobus fasciatus
Euler's Flycatcher - Lathrotriccus euleri
Southern Tropical Pewee - Contopus cinereus
Crested Black-Tyrant - Knipolegus lophotes
Velvety Black-Tyrant (E) - Knipolegus nigerrimus
Blue-billed Black-Tyrant - Knipolegus cyanirostris
Yellow-browed Tyrant - Satrapa icterophrys
White-headed Marsh Tyrant - Arundicola leucocephala
Masked Water-Tyrant - Fluvicola nengeta
Shear-tailed Gray Tyrant - Muscipipra vetula
Streamer-tailed Tyrant - Gubernetes yetapa
Long-tailed Tyrant - Colonia colonus
Large-headed Flatbill - Ramphotrigon megacephalum
Rufous-tailed Attila - Attila phoenicurus
Gray-hooded Attila (E) - Attila rufus
Sibilant Sirystes - Sirystes sibilator
Swainson's Flycatcher - Myiarchus swainsoni
Short-crested Flycatcher - Myiarchus ferox
Cattle Tyrant - Machetornis rixosa
Great Kiskadee - Pitangus sulphuratus
Boat-billed Flycatcher - Megarynchus pitangua
Social Flycatcher - Myiozetetes similis
Three-striped Flycatcher - Conopias trivirgatus
Streaked Flycatcher - Myiodynastes maculatus
Piratic Flycatcher - Legatus leucophaius
Variegated Flycatcher - Empidonomus varius
Tropical Kingbird - Tyrannus melancholicus
Fork-tailed Flycatcher - Tyrannus savana
Vireos, Shrike-Babblers & Erpornis Vireonidae
Rufous-browed Peppershrike - Cyclarhis gujanensis
Rufous-crowned Greenlet - Hylophilus poicilotis
Lemon-chested Greenlet - Hylophilus thoracicus
Chivi Vireo - Vireo chivi
Crows, Jays & Magpies
Corvidae
Curl-crested Jay - Cyanocorax cristatellus
Martins & Swallows
Hirundinidae
White-winged Swallow - Tachycineta albiventer
White-rumped Swallow - Tachycineta leucorrhoa
Gray-breasted Martin - Progne chalybea
Southern Rough-winged Swallow - Stelgidopteryx ruficollis
White-thighed Swallow - Atticora tibialis
Blue-and-white Swallow - Pygochelidon cyanoleuca
Barn Swallow - Hirundo rustica
Gnatcatchers
Polioptilidae
Long-billed Gnatwren - Ramphocaenus melanurus
Wrens
Troglodytidae
Southern House Wren - Troglodytes musculus
Long-billed Wren (E) - Cantorchilus longirostris
Mockingbirds & Thrashers
Mimidae
Chalk-browed Mockingbird - Mimus saturninus
Thrushes & Allies
Turdidae
Yellow-legged Thrush - Turdus flavipes
Pale-breasted Thrush - Turdus leucomelas
White-necked Thrush - Turdus albicollis
Rufous-bellied Thrush - Turdus rufiventris
Creamy-bellied Thrush - Turdus amaurochalinus
Weavers & Allies
Ploceidae
Common Waxbill (I) - Estrilda astrild
Old World Sparrows
Passeridae
House Sparrow (I) - Passer domesticus
Wagtails & Pipits
Motacillidae
Hellmayr's Pipit - Anthus hellmayri
Finches, Euphonias & Allies
Fringillidae
Golden-rumped Euphonia - Chlorophonia cyanocephala
Blue-naped Chlorophonia - Chlorophonia cyanea
Purple-throated Euphonia - Euphonia chlorotica
Green-throated Euphonia - Euphonia chalybea
Violaceous Euphonia - Euphonia violacea
Chestnut-bellied Euphonia - Euphonia pectoralis
Hooded Siskin - Spinus magellanicus
New World Sparrows
Passerellidae
Grassland Sparrow - Ammodramus humeralis
Half-collared Sparrow (E) - Arremon semitorquatus
Rufous-collared Sparrow - Zonotrichia capensis
Troupials & Allies
Icteridae
Crested Oropendola - Psarocolius decumanus
Golden-winged Cacique - Cacicus chrysopterus
Red-rumped Cacique - Cacicus haemorrhous
Variable Oriole - Icterus pyrrhopterus
Shiny Cowbird - Molothrus bonariensis
Giant Cowbird - Molothrus oryzivorus
Chopi Blackbird - Gnorimopsar chopi
Chestnut-capped Blackbird - Chrysomus ruficapillus
Yellow-rumped Marshbird - Pseudoleistes guirahuro
New World Warblers
Parulidae
Southern Yellowthroat - Geothlypis velata
Tropical Parula - Setophaga pitiayumi
Golden-crowned Warbler - Basileuterus culicivorus
White-browed Warbler - Myiothlypis leucoblepharus
(White-rimmed Warbler)
Riverbank Warbler - Myiothlypis rivularis
(Neotropical River Warbler)
Mitrospingid Tanagers
Mitrospingidae
Olive-green Tanager (E) - Orthogonys chloricterus
Cardinals & Allies
Cardinalidae
Red-crowned Ant-Tanager - Habia rubica
Tanagers & Allies
Thraupidae
Brown Tanager (E) - Orchesticus abeillei
Magpie Tanager - Cissopis leverianus
Buff-throated Warbling Finch (E) - Microspingus lateralis
Gray-throated Warbling Finch - Microspingus cabanisi
Black-goggled Tanager - Trichothraupis melanops
Flame-crested Tanager - Loriotus cristatus
Ruby-crowned Tanager - Tachyphonus coronatus
Brazilian Tanager - Ramphocelus bresilius
Diademed Tanager - Stephanophorus diadematus
Fawn-breasted Tanager - Pipraeidea melanonota
Sayaca Tanager - Thraupis sayaca
Azure-shouldered Tanager (E) - Thraupis cyanoptera
Golden-chevroned Tanager (E) - Thraupis ornata
Palm Tanager - Thraupis palmarum
Chestnut-backed Tanager (E) - Stilpnia preciosa
Burnished-buff Tanager - Stilpnia cayana
Green-headed Tanager - Tangara seledon
Red-necked Tanager - Tangara cyanocephala
Brassy-breasted Tanager (E) - Tangara desmaresti
Gilt-edged Tanager (E) - Tangara cyanoventris
Swallow Tanager - Tersina viridis
Blue Dacnis - Dacnis cayana
Green Honeycreeper - Chlorophanes spiza
Rufous-headed Tanager (E) - Hemithraupis ruficapilla
Bicolored Conebill - Conirostrum bicolor
Chestnut-vented Conebill - Conirostrum speciosum
Uniform Finch - Haplospiza unicolor
Bay-chested Warbling Finch (E) - Castanozoster thoracicus
Saffron Finch - Sicalis flaveola
Great Pampa-Finch - Embernagra platensis
Blue-black Grassquit - Volatinia jacarina
White-bellied Seedeater - Sporophila leucoptera
Copper Seedeater - Sporophila bouvreuil
Chestnut-bellied Seed-Finch - Sporophila angolensis
(Lesser Seed-Finch)
Dubois's Seedeater (E) - Sporophila ardesiaca
Double-collared Seedeater - Sporophila caerulescens
Temminck's Seedeater - Sporophila falcirostris
Buffy-fronted Seedeater - Sporophila frontalis
Bananaquit - Coereba flaveola
Sooty Grassquit - Asemospiza fuliginosa
Green-winged Saltator - Saltator similis
Thick-billed Saltator - Saltator maxillosus
Black-throated Grosbeak - Saltator fuliginosus
Herptofauna
Caninana (Tiger Rat Snake) - Spilotes pullatus
Black-and-white Tegu - Salvator merianae
Maldonado Redbelly Toad - Melanphryniscus noreirae
Snake in High grasslands - Tomodon dorsatus
Viper - Bothrops jararaca
Mammals
Marmosets & Tamarins
Callitrichidae
Buffy Tufted-ear Marmoset - Callithrix aurita
New World Monkeys
Cebidae
Black-capped Capuchin - Sapajus nigritus
Squirrels
Sciuridae
Brazilian (Guianan) Squirrel - Sciurus aestuans
Agoutis
Dasyproctidae
Azara's Agouti - Dasyprocta sp.
Weasels, Otters & Allies
Mustelidae
Grison - Galictis cuja